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2005-05-23 23:47:10 | Hit : 31633 | Vote : 12047

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[자료] When does conservation genetics matter?

When does conservation genetics matter?

WILLIAM AMOS* & ANDREW BALMFORD

Department of Zoology, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge CB2 3EJ, U.K.

Is this short review we explore the genetic threats facing
declining populations, focusing in particular on empirical
studies and the emerging questions they raise. At face value,
the two primary threats are slow erosion of genetic variability
by drift and short-term lowering of ®tness owing to inbreed-
ing depression, of which the latter appears the more potent
force. However, the picture is not this simple. Populations
that have passed through a severe bottleneck can show a
markedly reduced ability to respond to change, particularly
in the face of novel challenges. At the same time, several
recent studies reveal subtle ways in which species are able to
retain more useful genetic variability than they `should', for
example by enhanced reproductive success among the most
outbred individuals in a population. Such ®ndings call into
question the validity of simple models based on random
mating, and emphasize the need for more empirical data
aimed at elucidating precisely what happens in natural
populations.

Keywords: endangered species, evolutionary potential, gene-
tic diversity, heterozygosity, inbreeding depression, population
management

Heredity 87 (2001) 257±265 Received 14 February 2001, accepted 26 June 2001

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