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[자료] Phylogeny of Darwin’s finches as revealed by mtDNA sequences

Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1999 April 27; 96(9): 5101–5106.
Copyright © 1999, The National Academy of Sciences

Evolution

Phylogeny of Darwin’s finches as revealed by mtDNA sequences

Akie Sato,* Colm O’hUigin,* Felipe Figueroa,* Peter R. Grant,† B. Rosemary Grant,† Herbert Tichy,* and Jan Klein*‡

*Max-Planck-Institut für Biologie, Abteilung Immungenetik, Corrensstrasse 42, D-72076 Tübingen, Germany; and †Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544-1003

‡To whom reprint requests should be addressed. e-mail: jan.klein@tuebingen.mpg.de.
Communicated by Susumu Ohno, Beckman Research Institute of the City of Hope, Duarte, CA

Received December 20, 1998; Accepted March 9, 1999.

Abstract
Darwin’s finches comprise a group of passerine birds first collected by Charles Darwin during his visit to the Galápagos Archipelago. The group, a textbook example of adaptive radiation (the diversification of a founding population into an array of species differentially adapted to diverse environmental niches), encompasses 14 currently recognized species, of which 13 live on the Galápagos Islands and one on the Cocos Island in the Pacific Ocean. Although Darwin’s finches have been studied extensively by morphologists, ecologists, and ethologists, their phylogenetic relationships remain uncertain. Here, sequences of two mtDNA segments, the cytochrome b and the control region, have been used to infer the evolutionary history of the group. The data reveal the Darwin’s finches to be a monophyletic group with the warbler finch being the species closest to the founding stock, followed by the vegetarian finch, and then by two sister groups, the ground and the tree finches. The Cocos finch is related to the tree finches of the Galápagos Islands. The traditional classification of ground finches into six species and tree finches into five species is not reflected in the molecular data. In these two groups, ancestral polymorphisms have not, as yet, been sorted out among the cross-hybridizing species.

Keywords: birds, Galápagos Islands

http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?artid=21823

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