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2006-04-03 20:44:38 | Hit : 26075 | Vote : 8123

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[자료] Incentive-based conservation programs in developing countries: a review of some key issues and suggestions for improvements.

Environ Manage. 2006 Jan;37(1):1-14. Related Articles, Links

Incentive-based conservation programs in developing countries: a review of some key issues and suggestions for improvements.

Spiteri A, Nepalz SK.

University of Northern British Columbia, Prince George, British Columbia, V2N 4Z9, Canada.

Biodiversity conservation in developing countries has been a challenge because of the combination of rising human populations, rapid technological advances, severe social hardships, and extreme poverty. To address the social, economic, and ecological limitations of people-free parks and reserves, incentives have been incorporated into conservation programs in the hopes of making conservation meaningful to local people. However, such incentive-based programs have been implemented with little consideration for their ability to fulfill promises of greater protection of biodiversity. Evaluations of incentive-based conservation programs indicate that the approach continually falls short of the rhetoric. This article provides an overview of the problems associated with incentive-based conservation approaches in developing countries. It argues that existing incentive-based programs (IBPs) have yet to realize that benefits vary greatly at different "community" scales and that a holistic conceptualization of a community is essential to incorporate the complexities of a heterogeneous community when designing and implementing the IBPs. The spatial complexities involved in correctly identifying the beneficiaries in a community and the short-term focus of IBPs are two major challenges for sustaining conservation efforts. The article suggests improvements in three key areas: accurate identification of "target" beneficiaries, greater inclusion of marginal communities, and efforts to enhance community aptitudes.

PMID: 16362486 [PubMed - in process]

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=16362486&dopt=Abstract

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